Background:  New agents are needed for the treatment of TB, particularly drugs that shorten the 6- to 9-month duration of therapy. Regimens for the treatment of latent TB infection shorter than the standard 9-month course of isoniazid are also needed. Drugs currently in development and for which clinical trial data are available, and will be discussed, include:  moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, rifapentine, TMC-207, OPC-67683, and PA-824.

Conclusions:  Data on the safety and effectiveness of these medications in combination with standard therapy will be discussed as available. An update on studies of short-course treatment of latent TB infection will be provided. Drug interactions between these new anti-TB agents and current ART will also be discussed.